Famous birthdays, deaths and events of 1809
Birthdays
- January 4 - Louis Braille, French teacher of the blind and inventor of braille (d. 1852)
- January 15 - Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, French anarchist (d. 1865)
- January 19 - Edgar Allan Poe, American writer and poet (d. 1849)
- January 23 - Veer Surendra Sai, Indian Freedom Fighter
- February 3 - Felix Mendelssohn, German composer (d. 1847)
- February 12 - Charles Darwin, English naturalist (d. 1882)
- February 12 - Abraham Lincoln, 16th President of the United States (d. 1865)
- February 15 - Cyrus McCormick, American inventor (d. 1884)
- February 15 - André Dumont, Belgian geologist (d. 1857)
- February 23 - William Sprague, American minister and politician from Michigan (d. 1868)
- March 15 - Joseph Jenkins Roberts, first President of Liberia (d. 1876)
- March 15 - Karl Josef von Hefele, German theologian (d. 1893)
- March 24 - Mariano José de Larra, Spanish journalist and writer (d. 1837)
- March 24 - Joseph Liouville, French mathematician (d. 1882)
- March 27 - Baron Haussmann, French civic planner (d. 1891)
- March 31 - Edward FitzGerald, English poet (d. 1883)
- March 31 - Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol, Ukrainian-born Russian writer and satirist (d.1852
- April 15 - Hermann Grassmann, German mathematician (d. 1877)
- June 15 - François-Xavier Garneau, French-Canadian poet and historian (d. 1866)
- July 10 - Friedrich August von Quenstedt, German geologist (d. 1889)
- July 30 - Charles Chiniquy, Quebec-born excommunicated Catholic priest (d. 1899)
- August 6 - Alfred Lord Tennyson, English poet (d. 1892)
- August 9 - William Barret Travis, commander at Battle of the Alamo
- August 27 - Hannibal Hamlin, Vice President of the United States of America (d. 1891)
- August 29 - Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr.
- September 4 - Juliusz Słowacki, Polish Romantic poet (d. 1849)
- September 5 - Manuel Montt Torres, President of Chile (d. 1880)
- October 11 - Orson Squire Fowler, American phrenologist (d. 1887)
- October 22 - Volney E. Howard, American politician (d. 1889)
- November 4 - Benjamin Robbins Curtis, Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (d. 1874)
- November 27 - Fanny Kemble, British actress (d. 1893)
- December 24 - Kit Carson, American frontiersman (d. 1868)
- December 29 - William Ewart Gladstone, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1898)
Deaths
- January 16 - John Moore, British general (b. 1761)
- January 21 - Josiah Hornblower, American statesman (b. 1729)
- March 27 - Joseph-Marie Vien, French painter (b. 1716)
- May 17 - Leopold Auenbrugger, Austrian physician (b. 1722)
- May 31 - Joseph Haydn, Austrian composer (b. 1732)
- May 31 - Jean Lannes, French marshal (b. 1769)
- June 8 - Thomas Paine, American revolutionary and writer (b. 1737)
- July 3 - Joseph Quesnel, French-Canadian composer and playwright (b. 1746)
- July 6 - Antoine Charles Louis Lasalle, French cavalry general (b. 1775)
- August 12 - Mikhail Kamensky, Russian field marshal (b. 1738)
- August 18 - Matthew Boulton, English manufacturer and engineer (b. 1728)
- September 7 - Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke, King of Thailand (b. 1737)
- October 8 - James Elphinston, Scottish philologist (b. 1721)
- October 11 - Meriwether Lewis, American explorer (b. 1774)
- October 30 - William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland
- November 9 - Paul Sandby, English cartographer (b. 1725)
- December 16 - Antoine François, comte de Fourcroy
Events
- January 16 - Peninsular War: The British defeat the French at the Battle of La Coruña.
- February 3 - The Illinois Territory is created.
- February 11 - Robert Fulton took out a patent for improvements to steamboat navigation
- March 22 - Charles XIII succeeds Gustav IV Adolf to the Swedish throne.
- March 28 - Peninsular War: France defeats Spain in the Battle of Medelin.
- March 29 - King Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden abdicates after a coup d'état. At the Diet of Porvoo, Finland's four Estates pledge allegiance to Alexander I of Russia, commencing the secession of the Grand Duchy of Finland from Sweden.
- April 19 - The army of Austria attacks and is defeated by the forces of the Duchy of Warsaw in the Battle of Raszyn, part of the struggles of the Fifth Coalition.
- May 5 - Mary Kies becomes the first woman awarded a U.S. patent, for a technique of weaving straw with silk and thread.
- May 5 - The Swiss canton of Aargau denies citizenship to Jews.
- May 17 - Napoleon I of France orders the annexation of the Papal States to the French Empire.
- May 22 - On the second and last day of the Battle of Aspern-Essling (near Vienna), Napoleon is repelled by an enemy army for the first time.
- June 6 - Sweden promulgates a new Constitution, which restores political power to the Riksdag of the Estates after 20 years of Enlightened absolutism.
- July 5 - Battle of Wagram starts, the two-day battle was the largest yet of the Napoleonic Wars.
- July 16 - The city of La Paz, in what is today Bolivia, declared its independence from Spanish Crown and formed the Junta Tuitiva, the first independent government in Spanish America, lead by Pedro Domingo Murillo.
- July 28 - Peninsular War: Battle of Talavera: Sir Arthur Wellesley's British, Portuguese and Spanish army defeats a French force under Joseph Bonaparte.
- August 10 - Quito, now the capital of Ecuador, declares independence from Spain.
- September 17 - Peace between Sweden and Russia in the Finnish War. The territory to become Finland is ceded to Russia by the Treaty of Fredrikshamn.
- September 18 - The Royal Opera House in London opens.
- October 11 - Along the Natchez Trace in Tennessee, explorer Meriwether Lewis dies under mysterious circumstances at an inn called Grinder's Stand.
- December 22 - The Non-Intercourse Act, lifting the Embargo Act except for the United Kingdom and France, passes the U.S. Congress.
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