Famous birthdays, deaths and events of 1858
Birthdays
- January 7 - Eliezer Ben-Yehuda, key figure in the revival of Hebrew as a spoken language (d. 1922)
- January 10 - Heinrich Zille, German illustrator and photographer (d. 1929)
- January 11 - Harry Gordon Selfridge, American retailer (d. 1947)
- January 13 - Oskar Minkowski, Biologist (d.1931)
- January 17 - Tomás Carrasquilla, Colombian writer (d. 1940)
- January 22 - Beatrice Webb, English economist (d. 1943)
- January 25 - Kokichi Mikimoto, Japanese pearl farm pioneer (d. 1954)
- February 26 - Vladimir Serbsky, Russian psychiatrist (d. 1917)
- March 1 - Georg Simmel, German sociologist and philosopher (d. 1918)
- March 18 - Rudolf Diesel, German inventor (d. 1913)
- March 23 - Ludwig Quidde, German pacifist
- April 4 - Remy de Gourmont, French poet (d. 1915)
- April 15 - Émile Durkheim, French sociologist (d. 1917)
- April 23 - Max Planck, German physicist
- April 23 - Ethel Mary Smyth, English composer (d. 1944)
- May 8 - John Meade Falkner, English novelist (d. 1932)
- May 28 - Carl Rickard Nyberg, Swedish inventor (d. 1939)
- May 30 - Siegfried Alkan, German composer (d. 1941)
- June 16 - King Gustaf V of Sweden, (d. 1950)
- June 17 - Ebenezer Sumner Draper, 44th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1914)
- June 19 - Sam Walter Foss, American librarian and poet (d. 1911)
- June 20 - Charles W. Chesnutt, American writer (d. 1932)
- June 21 - Medardo Rosso, Italian sculptor (d. 1928)
- June 25 - Georges Courteline, French dramatist (d. 1929)
- June 29 - George Washington Goethals, American army engineer (d. 1928)
- July 9 - Franz Boas, German anthropologist (d. 1942)
- July 13 - Stewart Culin, American ethnographer (d. 1929)
- July 14 - Emmeline Pankhurst, English suffragette (d. 1928)
- July 16 - Eugčne Ysa˙e, Belgian violinist (d. 1931)
- July 20 - Ivan Vucetic, Croatian anthropologist (d. 1925)
- July 21 - Lovis Corinth, German painter (d. 1925)
- July 21 - Maria Christina of Austria, queen of Spain (d. 1929)
- July 21 - Alfred Henry O'Keeffe, New Zealand artist (d. 1941)
- July 26 - Tom Garrett, Former Australain cricketer (d. 1943)
- July 31 - Richard Dixon Oldham, British geologist (d. 1936)
- August 1 - Hans Rott, Austrian composer (d. 1884)
- August 1 - Gaston Doumergue, French President (d. 1937)
- August 2 - Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont, queen of the Netherlands (d. 1934)
- August 11 - Christiaan Eijkman, Dutch physician
- August 15 - E. Nesbit, English author (d. 1924)
- August 16 - Arthur Achleitner, German writer (d. 1927)
- August 27 - Giuseppe Peano, Italian mathematician (d. 1932)
- September 15 - Jenő Hubay, Hungarian violinist (d. 1937)
- September 16 - Andrew Bonar Law, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1923)
- September 18 - Kate Booth, the oldest daughter of William and Catherine Booth (d. 1955)
- September 24 - Eugene Foss, 45th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1939)
- October 3 - Eleonora Duse, Italian actress (d. 1924)
- October 4 - Michael I. Pupin, Serbian-born telephone pioneer (d. 1935)
- October 15 - John L. Sullivan, American boxer (d. 1918)
- October 19 - George Albert Boulenger, Belgian naturalist (d. 1937)
- October 20 - John Burns, English politician (d. 1943)
- October 22 - German Empress Augusta Victoria, wife of German Emperor Wilhelm II (d. 1921)
- October 27 - Theodore Roosevelt, 26th President of the United States
- November 7 - Bipin Chandra Pal, Indian poltical activist (d. 1932)
- November 11 - Marie Bashkirtseff, Russian painter (d. 1884)
- November 20 - Selma Lagerlöf, Swedish author
- November 25 - Alfred Capus, French author (d. 1922)
- November 26 - Katharine Drexel, Roman Catholic Saint (d. 1955)
- November 30 - Jagdish Chandra Bose, Indian physicist (d. 1937)
- December 11 - Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko, Russian theatre director (d. 1943)
- December 22 - Giacomo Puccini, Italian composer (d. 1924)
Deaths
- January 5 - Joseph Radetzky von Radetz, Austrian field marshal (b. 1766)
- January 9 - Anson Jones, 5th and last President of Texas (suicide) (b. 1798)
- January 30 - Coenraad Jacob Temminck, Dutch zoologist (b. 1778)
- March 4 - Matthew Perry, U.S. naval officer (b. 1794)
- March 26 - John Addison Thomas, American soldier (b. 1811)
- April 7 - Anton Diabelli, Austrian music publisher
- April 28 - Johannes Peter Müller, German physiologist (b. 1801)
- May 4 - Aimé Bonpland, French explorer and botanist (b. 1773)
- June 3 - Julius Reubke, German composer (b. 1834)
- June 11 - Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, Austrian statesman (b. 1773)
- June 15 - Ary Scheffer, Dutch-French painter (b. 1795)
- June 16 - John Snow, English epidemiologist (b. 1813)
- June 17 - Rani Lakshmibai, queen of Jhansi in North India
- July 3 - Alexander Andreyevich Ivanov, Russian painter (b. 1806)
- November 17 - Robert Owen, British father of the cooperative movement (b. 1771)
- December 9 - Robert Baldwin, Canadian politician (b. 1804)
- December 12 - Jacques Viger, antiquarian and archeologist
- December 27 - Alexandre Pierre François Boëly, French composer (b. 1785)
Events
- January 9 - Anson Jones, the last President of the Republic of Texas, commits suicide.
- January 14 - Napoleon III of France escapes an assassination attempt.
- January 25 - The Wedding March by Felix Mendelssohn becomes a popular wedding recessional after it is played on this day at the marriage of Queen Victoria's daughter, Victoria, and Friedrich of Prussia.
- January 30 - The first Hallé concert is given in Manchester, England, marking the official founding of the Hallé Orchestra as a full-time, professional orchestra.
- February 11 - The Blessed Virgin Mary reputedly appears to Saint Bernadette Soubirous of Lourdes.
- March 30 - Hymen Lipman patents a pencil with an attached eraser.
- April 10 - The original Big Ben, a 14.5 tonne bell for the Tower of London is cast in Stockton-on-Tees by Warner's of Cripplegate. This however cracked during testing and was recasted into the 13.76 tonne bell by Whitechapel Bell Foundry and is still in use to date.
- April 16 - The Wernerian Natural History Society, a former Scottish learned society, is wound up.
- May 11 - Minnesota is admitted as the 32nd U.S. state.
- May 15 - Opening of the present Royal Opera House in Covent Garden, London.
- June 16 - Abraham Lincoln delivers his House Divided speech in Springfield, Illinois.
- June 16 - Battle of Morar takes place during the Indian Mutiny.
- June 18 - Charles Darwin receives a paper from Alfred Russel Wallace that includes nearly identical conclusions about evolution as Darwin's own. This prompts Darwin to publish his theory.
- July 1 - The joint reading of Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace's papers on evolution to the Linnean Society.
- July 29 - United States and Japan sign the Harris Treaty.
- August 5 - Cyrus West Field and others complete the first transatlantic telegraph cable after several unsuccessful attempts. It operated for less than a month.
- August 11 - First ascent of the Eiger.
- August 16 - U.S. President James Buchanan inaugurates the new transatlantic telegraph cable by exchanging greetings with Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. However, a weak signal will force a shutdown of the service in a few weeks.
- August 20 - Charles Darwin first publishes his theory of evolution in The Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London, alongside Alfred Russel Wallace's same theory.
- August 21 - The Lincoln-Douglas debates begin.
- August 24 - In Richmond, Virginia, 90 blacks are arrested for learning.
- August 26 - First news dispatch by telegraph.
- September 10 - George Mary Searle discovers the asteroid 55 Pandora.
- November 17 - Modified Julian Day zero.
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