Famous birthdays, deaths and events of 1860
Birthdays
- January 7 - Emanuil Manolov, Bulgarian composer (d. 1902)
- January 8 - Emma Booth, daughter of William and Catherine Booth (d. 1903)
- January 12 - Henry Larkin, American baseball player (d. 1942)
- January 17 - Douglas Hyde, President of Ireland (d. 1949)
- January 21 - Karl Staaff, Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 1915)
- January 25 - Charles Curtis, 31st Vice President of the United States (d. 1936)
- January 29 - Anton Chekhov, Russian writer (d. 1904)
- February 2 - Curtis Guild, Jr.
- February 11 - Rachilde, French author (d. 1953)
- February 14 - Eugen Schiffer, German politician (d. 1954)
- February 21 - Karel Matěj Čapek-Chod, Czech journalist (d. 1927)
- February 21 - Goscombe John, Welsh sculptor (d. 1952)
- February 25 - Sir William Ashley, economic historian (d. 1927)
- February 29 - Herman Hollerith, American statistician (d. 1929)
- March 2 - Susanna M. Salter, American politician (d. 1961)
- March 3 - John Montgomery Ward, American baseball player (d. 1925)
- March 13 - Hugo Wolf, Austrian composer (d. 1903)
- March 17 - Manuel de Jesus Andarde Suarez, Colombian Writer and Politician. (d. 1935)
- March 19 - William Jennings Bryan, 41st United States Secretary of State (d. 1925)
- March 22 - Alfred Ploetz, German physician (d. 1940)
- March 27 - Frank Frost Abbott, American classical scholar (d. 1924)
- April 7 - Will Keith Kellogg, American cereal manufacturer (d. 1951)
- April 13 - James Ensor, Belgian painter (d. 1949)
- April 22 - Ada Rehan, American stage actress (d. 1916)
- May 2 - Theodor Herzl, Austrian journalist/Zionist (d. 1904)
- May 3 - John Scott Haldane, Scottish physiologist (d. 1936)
- May 3 - Vito Volterra, Italian mathematician (d. 1940)
- May 9 - J. M. Barrie, Scottish author (d. 1937)
- May 16 - Herman Webster Mudgett, American Serial Killer (d. 1896)
- May 20 - Eduard Buchner, German chemist
- May 21 - Willem Einthoven, Dutch inventor
- May 25 - James McKeen Cattell, American psychologist (d. 1944)
- May 27 - Manuel Teixeira Gomes, 7th President of Portugal (d. 1941)
- May 29 - Isaac Albéniz, Spanish composer (d. 1909)
- May 31 - Walter Sickert, English painter (d. 1942)
- June 8 - Alicia Boole Stott, Irish mathematician (d. 1940)
- June 20 - Jack Worrall, Australian cricketer
- June 24 - Mercedes of Orleans, queen of Spain (d. 1878)
- June 25 - Gustave Charpentier, French composer (d. 1956)
- July 5 - Robert Bacon, American politician (d. 1919)
- July 7 - Gustav Mahler, Austrian composer (d. 1911)
- July 14 - Owen Wister, American author (d. 1938)
- July 19 - Lizzie Borden, American accused murderer (d. 1927)
- July 24 - Alfons Mucha, Czech artist (d. 1939)
- July 25 - Princess Louise Margaret, Duchess of Connaught (d. 1917)
- July 28 - Elias M. Ammons, governor of Colorado (d. 1925)
- July 28 - Grand Duchess Anastasia Mikhailovna of Russia, (d. 1922)
- July 31 - Mary Vaux Walcott, American artist and naturalist (d. 1940)
- August 3 - W. K. Dickson, Scottish inventor (d. 1935)
- August 7 - Alan Leo, British astrologer (d. 1917)
- August 10 - Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande, Indian musician (d. 1936)
- August 13 - Annie Oakley, American sharpshooter (d. 1926)
- August 15 - Henrietta Vinton Davis, American elocutionist (d. 1941)
- August 15 - Florence Harding, American First Lady (d. 1924)
- August 16 - Jules Laforgue, French poet (d. 1887)
- August 16 - Martin Hawke, 7th Baron Hawke
- August 20 - Raymond Poincaré, French statesman (d. 1934)
- August 22 - Paul Gottlieb Nipkow, German inventor (d. 1940)
- August 22 - Eleonore of Reuss-Köstritz, tsaritsa of Bulgaria (d. 1917)
- August 30 - Isaac Levitan, Russian artist (d. 1900)
- September 6 - Jane Addams, American social worker
- September 7 - Grandma Moses, American painter (d. 1961)
- September 11 - Marianne von Werefkin, Russian-Swiss painter (d. 1938)
- September 11 - James Allan, former All Black (d. 1934)
- September 13 - John J. Pershing, American general (d. 1948)
- September 14 - Hamlin Garland, American writer (d. 1940)
- September 15 - Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvarayya, Indian engineer (d. 1962)
- October 12 - Elmer Sperry, American inventor (d. 1930)
- October 31 - Juliette Low, American founder of the Girl Scouts (d. 1927)
- November 1 - Boies Penrose, United States Senator from Pennsylvania (d. 1921)
- November 6 - Ignace Paderewski, Polish pianist
- November 7 - Jean-Baptiste Eugčne Estienne, French general (d. 1936)
- November 21 - Tom Horn, American gunman (d. 1903)
- November 23 - Hjalmar Branting, Prime Minister of Sweden
- December 7 - Joseph Cook, 6th Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1947)
- December 13 - Lucien Guitry, French actor (d. 1925)
- December 15 - Niels Ryberg Finsen, Danish physician
- December 15 - Abner Powell, American baseball player (d. 1953)
- December 18 - Edward MacDowell, American composer and pianist (d. 1908)
- December 20 - Dan Leno, English entertainer (d. 1904)
- December 22 - Austin Norman Palmer, American penmanship innovator (d. 1927)
- December 25 - Manuel Dimech, Maltese philosopher and social reformer (d. 1921)
- December 31 - Joseph S. Cullinan, American oil industrialist (d. 1937)
Deaths
- January 5 - Saint John Nepomucene Neumann, first American bishop to be canonized (b. 1811)
- January 13 - William Mason, American politician (b. 1786)
- January 27 - János Bolyai, Hungarian mathematician (b. 1802)
- February 25 - Chauncey Allen Goodrich, American clergyman
- March 6 - Justus Johann Friedrich Dotzauer, German cellist and composer (b. 1783)
- March 25 - James Braid, Scottish surgeon (b. 1795)
- May 12 - Charles Barry, English architect (b. 1795)
- May 14 - Ludwig Bechstein, German writer (b. 1801)
- July 1 - Charles Goodyear, American inventor (b. 1800)
- August 14 - André Marie Constant Duméril, French zoologist (b. 1774)
- September 3 - Aleksey Khomyakov, Russian poet (b. 1804)
- September 18 - Joseph Locke, English railway builder and civil engineer (b. 1805)
- September 21 - Arthur Schopenhauer, German philosopher (b. 1788)
- October 31 - Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald
- December 2 - Alfred Bunn, British theatrical manager (b. 1796)
- December 14 - George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen
- December 17 - Désirée Clary, Queen of Sweden and Norway (b. 1777)
Events
- January 2 - The discovery of the planet Vulcan is announced at a meeting of the Académie des Sciences in Paris.
- February 27 - Abraham Lincoln makes a speech at Cooper Union in the city of New York that is largely responsible for his election to the Presidency.
- March 5 - Parma, Tuscany, Modena and Romagna vote in referendums to join the Kingdom of Sardinia.
- March 28 - First Taranaki War: The Battle of Waireka begins.
- April 3 - The first successful United States Pony Express run from Saint Joseph, Missouri to Sacramento, California begins.
- April 6 - Joseph Smith III, creates the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints by reorganizing the previous church organized by his father, Joseph Smith, Jr.
- April 14 - The first Pony Express rider reaches Sacramento, California.
- May 3 - Charles XV of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Sweden.
- May 6 - Giuseppe Garibaldi's Mille sets sail from Genoa to the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
- May 17 - German football club TSV 1860 München is founded
- May 27 - Giuseppe Garibaldi begins his attack on Palermo, Sicily, as part of the Italian Unification.
- June 12 - The State Bank of the Russian Empire is established.
- June 23 - The United States Congress establishes the Government Printing Office.
- June 30 - The 1860 Oxford evolution debate at the Oxford University Museum of Natural History takes place.
- August 3 - The Second Maori War begins in New Zealand.
- August 5 - Carl IV of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Norway, in Trondheim.
- September 7 - Steamship Lady Elgin sinks on Lake Michigan, with the loss of around 400 lives.
- September 20 - The Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII of the United Kingdom) visits the United States.
- September 21 - In the Second Opium War, an Anglo-French force defeats Chinese troops at the Battle of Baliqiao.
- September 30 - Britain's first tram service begins in Birkenhead, Merseyside.
- October 10 - The original cornerstone of the University of the South is laid in Sewanee, Tennessee.
- October 17 - First The Open Championship (referred to in North America as the British Open).
- October 18 - The Second Opium War finally ends at the Convention of Peking with the ratification of the Treaty of Tientsin, an unequal treaty.
- October 26 - Meeting of Teano. Giuseppe Garibaldi, conqueror of the Kingdom of Two Sicilies, gives it to King Victor Emmanuel II of Italy.
- December 20 - South Carolina becomes the first state to secede from the United States.
- December 26 - The first ever inter-club football match takes place between Hallam F.C. and Sheffield F.C. at the Sandygate Road ground in Sheffield, England.
- December 29 - The first British seagoing iron-clad warship, HMS Warrior is launched.
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