Famous birthdays, deaths and events of 1874
Birthdays
- January 1 - Gustave Whitehead, German inventor (d. 1927)
- January 1 - Frank Knox, American Secretary of the Navy (d. 1944)
- January 4 - Josef Suk, Czech composer (d. 1935)
- January 5 - Joseph Erlanger, American physiologist
- January 6 - Fred Niblo, U.S. film actor
- January 16 - Robert W. Service, Canadian poet (d. 1958)
- January 22 - Edward Harkness, American philanthropist (d. 1940)
- January 25 - W. Somerset Maugham, English writer (d. 1965)
- January 28 - Vsevolod Meyerhold, Russian theatre director (d. 1940)
- January 29 - John D. Rockefeller Jr., American entrepreneur (d. 1960)
- February 1 - Hugo von Hofmannsthal, Austrian writer (d. 1929)
- February 3 - Gertrude Stein, American writer (d. 1946)
- February 9 - Amy Lowell, American poet (d. 1925)
- February 11 - Elsa Beskow, Swedish author (d. 1953)
- February 11 - Fritz Hart, English-born composer (d. 1949)
- February 15 - Sir Ernest Shackleton, British explorer (d. 1922)
- February 16 - Marie Gutheil-Schoder, German soprano (d. 1935)
- February 17 - Thomas J. Watson, American computer manufacturer (d. 1956)
- February 22 - Bill Klem, American baseball umpire (d. 1951)
- February 23 - Konstantin Päts, Estonian president (d. 1956)
- February 24 - Honus Wagner, American baseball player (d. 1955)
- March 5 - Henry Travers, British actor (d. 1965)
- March 15 - Eugène Fiset, Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (d. 1951)
- March 18 - Nikolai Berdyaev, Russian philosopher (d. 1948)
- March 20 - Börries von Münchhausen, German poet (d. 1945)
- March 23 - J. C. Leyendecker, German American Illustrator (d. 1951)
- March 24 - Harry Houdini, (Weisz Erik)
- March 26 - Robert Frost, American poet (d. 1963)
- March 29 - Lou Hoover, First Lady of the United States (d. 1944)
- April 8 - Stanis³aw Taczak, Polish general (d. 1960)
- April 15 - George Harrison Shull, American plant geneticist (d. 1954)
- April 15 - Johannes Stark, German physicist
- April 18 - Oskar Ernst Bernhardt, German author (d. 1941)
- April 19 - Ernst Rüdin, Swiss psychiatrist
- April 25 - Guglielmo Marconi, Italian inventor
- April 28 - Karl Kraus, Austrian journalist and author (d. 1936)
- April 30 - Cyriel Verschaeve, Flemish clergyman (d. 1949)
- May 3 - François Coty, French perfume manufacturer (d. 1934)
- May 3 - V. Walfrid Ekman, Swedish oceanographer (d. 1954)
- May 9 - Howard Carter, British archaeologist (d. 1939)
- May 10 - Moses Schorr, Polish rabbi
- May 12 - Clemens von Pirquet, Austrian physician (d. 1929)
- May 19 - Gilbert Laird Jessop, English cricketer (d. 1955)
- May 22 - Daniel François Malan, Prime Minister of South Africa (d. 1959)
- May 29 - G. K. Chesterton, English novelist (d. 1936)
- June 16 - Arthur Meighen, ninth Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1960)
- June 19 - Peder Oluf Pedersen, Danish engineer (d. 1941)
- July 5 - Eugen Fischer, Nazi physician (d. 1967)
- July 7 - Erwin Bumke, German jurist (d. 1945)
- July 10 - Sergey Konenkov, Russian sculptor (d. 1971)
- July 14 - Khedive Abbas II of Egypt, (d. 1944)
- July 24 - Oswald Chambers, Scottish minister and writer (d. 1917)
- July 26 - Serge Koussevitsky, Russian conductor (d. 1951)
- July 28 - Ernst Cassirer, German philosopher (d. 1945)
- July 29 - James Shaver Woodsworth, Canadian politician (d. 1942)
- August 6 - Charles Fort, American writer and researcher (d. 1932)
- August 9 - Reynaldo Hahn, Venezuelan composer and conductor (d. 1947)
- August 10 - Herbert Clark Hoover, 31st President of the United States (d. 1964)
- August 10 - Bill Johnson, American musician (d. 1972)
- August 22 - Max Scheler, German philosopher (d. 1928)
- August 26 - Zona Gale, American novelist (d. 1938)
- August 27 - Carl Bosch, German chemist Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1940)
- September 5 - Nap Lajoie, American baseball player (d. 1959)
- September 13 - Henry Fountain Ashurst, American politician (d. 1962)
- September 13 - Arnold Schoenberg, Austrian-born composer (d. 1951)
- September 21 - Gustav Holst, English composer (d. 1934)
- September 26 - Lewis Hine, American photographer and social activist (d. 1940)
- October 6 - Frank G. Allen, 51st Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1950)
- October 9 - Nicholas Roerich, Russian painter (d. 1947)
- October 12 - Jimmy Burke, American baseball player (d. 1942)
- October 15 - Prince Alfred of Edinburgh, (d. 1899)
- October 20 - Charles Ives, American composer (d. 1954)
- October 26 - Abby Aldrich Rockefeller, socialite and philanthropist (d. 1948)
- October 26 - Martin Lowry, British chemist (d. 1936)
- November 4 - Aleksandr Vasilevich Kolchak, Russian military commander (d. 1920)
- November 9 - Albert Francis Blakeslee, American botanist (d. 1954)
- November 15 - August Krogh, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate (d. 1949)
- November 15 - Dimitrios Golemis, Greek athlete (d. 1941)
- November 18 - Clarence Day, American author (d. 1935)
- November 20 - James Michael Curley, 53rd Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1958)
- November 24 - Charles William Miller, Brazilian footballer (d. 1953)
- November 25 - Joe Gans, American boxer (d. 1910)
- November 27 - Charles A. Beard, American historian (d. 1948)
- November 27 - Chaim Weizmann, 1st President of Israel (d. 1952)
- November 29 - Francis Dodd, British artist (d. 1949)
- November 29 - Egas Moniz, Portuguese physician
- November 30 - Sir Winston Churchill, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
- November 30 - Lucy Maud Montgomery, Canadian author (d. 1942)
- December 8 - Ernst Moro, Austrian physician (d. 1951)
- December 13 - Josef Lhévinne, Russian-born pianist (d. 1944)
- December 17 - William Lyon Mackenzie King, 10th Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1950)
- December 22 - Franz Schmidt, Austrian composer (d. 1939)
- December 25 - Lina Cavalieri, Italian soprano (d. 1944)
Deaths
- January 4 - Thomas Gregson, Premier of Tasmania (b. 1798)
- January 8 - Charles Etienne Brasseur de Bourbourg, French writer and historian (b. 1814)
- January 17 - Chang and Eng Bunker, Siamese twins (b. 1811)
- January 19 - August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben, German poet (b. 1798)
- February 3 - Lunalilo, Hawaiian monarch (b. 1835)
- February 9 - Jules Michelet, French historian (b. 1798)
- February 17 - Lambert Adolphe Jacques Quetelet, Belgian mathematician (b. 1796)
- March 8 - Millard Fillmore, 13th President of the United States (b. 1800)
- March 11 - Charles Sumner, American politician (b. 1811)
- March 20 - Hans Christian Lumbye, Danish composer (b. 1810)
- March 28 - Peter Andreas Hansen, Danish astronomer (b. 1795)
- April 4 - Charles Ernest Beulé, French archaeologist and politician (b. 1826)
- April 20 - Alexander H. Bailey, American politician (b. 1817)
- June 8 - Cochise, Apache leader
- June 21 - Anders Jonas Ångström, Swedish physicist (b. 1814)
- June 22 - Howard Staunton, English chess master (b. 1810)
- August 14 - Jonathan Clarkson Gibbs, American politician (b. 1821)
- September 12 - François Guizot, French historian and statesman (b. 1787)
- September 21 - Jean-Baptiste Élie de Beaumont, French geologist (b. 1794)
- December 7 - Constantin von Tischendorf, German biblical scholar (b. 1815)
Events
- February 21 - The Oakland Daily Tribune publishes its first newspaper.
- March 18 - Hawaii signs a treaty with the United States granting exclusive trading rights.
- April 5 - Birkenhead Park, the first civic public park, is opened in Birkenhead.
- April 10 - The first Arbor Day is celebrated in Nebraska.
- May 9 - The first horse-drawn bus makes its début in the city of Mumbai, plying two routes.
- May 16 - A flood on the Mill River in Massachusetts destroys much of four villages and kills 139 people.
- June 29 - Greek politician Charilaos Trikoupis publishes a manifesto in the Athens daily Kairoi entitled "Who's to Blame?" in which he lays out his complaints against King George. He is elected Prime Minister of Greece the next year.
- July 8 - The Mounties begin their March West.
- July 23 - Aires de Ornelas e Vasconcelos is appointed the Archbishop of the Portuguese colonial enclave of Goa.
- August 5 - Japan launches its postal savings system, modeled after a similar system in England.
- September 3 - The congress of the state of México elevates Naucalpan to the category of Villa, with the title of "Villa de Juárez".
- October 9 - General Postal Union is created as a result of the Treaty of Berne.
- November 7 - A cartoon by Thomas Nast in Harper's Weekly, is considered the first important use of an elephant as a symbol for the United States Republican Party.
- November 25 - The United States Greenback Party is established as a political party consisting primarily of farmers affected by the Panic of 1873.
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