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Home: On this Day: 1954

Famous birthdays, deaths and events of 1954


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Birthdays


Deaths
  • January 1 - Duff Cooper, British diplomat and writer (b. 1890)
  • January 5 - Rabbit Maranville, American baseball player (b. 1891)
  • January 11 - Oscar Straus, Austrian composer (b. 1870)
  • January 18 - Sydney Greenstreet, English actor (b. 1879)
  • January 19 - Theodor Kaluza, German scientist (b. 1885)
  • January 20 - Fred Root, English cricketer (b. 1890)
  • January 31 - Edwin Howard Armstrong, American electrical engineer and inventor of the FM radio (b. 1890)
  • February 11 - Adolph M. Christianson, justice of the North Dakota Supreme Court (b. 1877)
  • February 12 - Dziga Vertov, Russian filmmaker (b. 1896)
  • March 4 - Noel Gay, English composer
  • March 7 - Otto Diels, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1876)
  • March 9 - Eva Ahnert-Rohlfs, German astronomer (b. 1912)
  • March 9 - V. Walfrid Ekman, Swedish oceanographer (b. 1874)
  • April 10 - Auguste Lumière, French film pioneer (b. 1862)
  • April 10 - Oscar Mathisen, Norwegian speed skater (b. 1888)
  • April 13 - Angus Lewis Macdonald, Canadian politician (b. 1890)
  • April 17 - Lucreţiu Pătrăşcanu, Romanian communist activist (b. 1900)
  • April 28 - Léon Jouhaux, French labor leader
  • May 14 - Heinz Guderian, German General (b. 1888)
  • May 15 - William March, American writer (b. 1893)
  • May 16 - Clemens Krauss, Austrian conductor (b. 1893)
  • May 19 - Charles Ives, American composer (b. 1874)
  • May 25 - Robert Capa, Hungarian-born photojournalist (b. 1913)
  • May 26 - Lionel Conacher, Canadian athlete (b. 1900)
  • June 1 - Martin Andersen Nexø, Danish writer (b. 1869)
  • June 7 - Alan Turing, British mathematician and computer scientist (b. 1912)
  • June 8 - Alan Turing, English mathematician
  • June 21 - Gideon Sundback, American inventor
  • June 27 - Maximilian von Weichs, German field marshal (b. 1881)
  • July 3 - Siegfried Handloser, German physician (b. 1895)
  • July 10 - Calogero Vizzini, Sicilian mafioso (b. 1877)
  • July 13 - Frida Kahlo, Mexican painter (b. 1907)
  • July 14 - Jacinto Benavente, Spanish writer
  • July 14 - Jackie Saunders, American silent screen actress (b. 1892)
  • July 18 - Machine Gun Kelly, American gangster (b. 1895)
  • July 29 - Coen de Koning, Dutch speed skater (b. 1879)
  • July 31 - Onofre Marimón, Argentine racing driver (b. 1923)
  • August 3 - Colette, French writer (b. 1873)
  • August 11 - Santo Trafficante, Sr.
  • August 17 - Billy Murray, American recording artist (b. 1877)
  • August 19 - Alcide De Gasperi, Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1881)
  • August 24 - Getúlio Vargas, President of Brazil (b. 1882)
  • September 5 - Eugen Schiffer, German politician (b. 1860)
  • September 7 - Bud Fisher, American cartoonist (b. 1885)
  • September 21 - Kokichi Mikimoto, Japanese inventor (b. 1858)
  • September 24 - Edward Pilgrim, British suicide hastened by bureaucracy (b. 1904)
  • September 26 - Ellen Roosevelt, American tennis player (b. 1868)
  • October 12 - George Welch, American pilot (b. 1918)
  • October 22 - Jibanananda Das, Bengali poet (b. 1899)
  • November 3 - Henri Matisse, French artist (b. 1869)
  • November 13 - Paul Ludwig Ewald von Kleist, German field marshal (b. 1881)
  • November 15 - Lionel Barrymore, American actor (b. 1878)
  • November 19 - Walter Bartley Wilson, founding member of Cardiff City F.C. (b. 1870)
  • November 20 - Clyde Vernon Cessna, American aviation designer (b. 1879)
  • November 22 - Roderick McMahon, Professional Wrestling/Boxing Booker (b. 1882)
  • November 26 - Bill Doak, former Major League Baseball pitcher (b. 1891)
  • November 28 - Enrico Fermi, Italian physicist
  • November 29 - Dink Johnson, American musician (b. 1892)
  • November 30 - Wilhelm Furtwängler, German conductor (b. 1886)
  • December 1 - Fred Rose, American songwriter and music publishing executive (b. 1897)
  • December 13 - John Raymond Hubbell, American writer (b. 1879)
  • December 20 - James Hilton, British author (b. 1900)
  • December 23 - René Iché, French sculptor (b. 1897)
  • December 25 - Johnny Ace, American singer (b. 1929)
  • December 30 - Archduke Eugen of Austria, Austrian field marshal (b. 1863)

Events
  • January 7 - Georgetown-IBM experiment, the first public demonstration of a machine translation system, is held in New York at the head office of IBM.
  • January 14 - The Hudson Motor Car Company merges with Nash-Kelvinator Corporation forming the American Motors Corporation.
  • January 20 - The National Negro Network is established with 40 charter member radio stations.
  • January 21 - The first nuclear-powered submarine, the USS Nautilus, was launched in Groton, Connecticut by Mamie Eisenhower, then the First Lady of the United States.
  • February 10 - President Dwight Eisenhower warns against United States intervention in Vietnam.
  • February 18 - The first Church of Scientology is established in Los Angeles, California.
  • February 23 - The first mass inoculation of children against polio with the Salk vaccine began in Pittsburgh.
  • February 25 - Gamal Abdul Nasser is made premier of Egypt.
  • March 1 - Nuclear testing: The Castle Bravo, a 15-megaton hydrogen bomb, is detonated on Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean, resulting in the worst radioactive contamination ever caused by the United States.
  • March 1 - Puerto Rican nationalists attack the United States Capitol building, injuring five Representatives. (See U.S. Capitol shooting incident (1954).)
  • March 4 - Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, announces the first successful kidney transplant.
  • March 9 - McCarthyism: CBS television broadcasts the See It Now episode, "A Report on Senator Joseph McCarthy," produced by Fred Friendly.
  • March 13 - Battle of Điện Biên Phủ: Viet Minh forces attack the French.
  • March 19 - Joey Giardello knocks out Willie Tory in round seven at Madison Square Garden in the first televised prize boxing fight shown in color.
  • March 22 - Closed since 1939, the London bullion market reopens.
  • March 30 - Yonge Street subway line opens in Toronto. It is the first subway in Canada.
  • April 1 - President Dwight D. Eisenhower authorizes the creation of the United States Air Force Academy in Colorado.
  • April 7 - U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower gives his "domino theory" speech during a news conference.
  • April 18 - Gamal Abdal Nasser seizes power in Egypt.
  • April 19 - Constituent Assembly of Pakistan decides Urdu and Bengali to be national languages of Pakistan.
  • April 22 - Red Scare: Army-McCarthy Hearings begin.
  • April 26 - The Geneva Conference, an effort to restore peace in Indochina and Korea, begins.
  • May 6 - Roger Bannister becomes the first person to run the mile in under four minutes.
  • May 7 - Indochina War: The Battle of Dien Bien Phu ends in a French defeat (the battle began on March 13).
  • May 10 - Bill Haley & His Comets release "Rock Around the Clock", the first rock and roll record to reach number one on the Billboard charts.
  • May 13 - The anti-National Service Riots, by Chinese Middle School students in Singapore, take place.
  • May 17 - The United States Supreme Court hands down a unanimous decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas.
  • May 20 - Chiang Kai-shek is selected for another term as President of the Republic of China by the National Assembly.
  • May 29 - First of the annual Bilderberg conferences.
  • June 9 - McCarthyism: Joseph Welch, special counsel for the United States Army, lashes out at Senator Joseph McCarthy during hearings on whether Communism has infiltrated the Army
  • June 14 - U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs a bill into law that places the words "under God" into the United States' Pledge of Allegiance.
  • June 15 - UEFA (Union des Associations Européennes de Football) is formed in Basle, Switzerland.
  • June 18 - Pierre Mendès-France becomes Prime Minister of France.
  • June 27 - The world's first nuclear power station opens in Obninsk, near Moscow.
  • July 5 - The BBC broadcasts its first television news bulletin.
  • July 5 - Andhra Pradesh High Court is established.
  • July 7 - Formation of the TANU in Tanzania
  • July 15 - First flight of the Boeing 367-80, prototype for both the Boeing 707 and C-135 series.
  • July 20 - Germany: Otto John, head of West Germany's secret service, defects to East Germany.
  • July 20 - At Geneva, Switzerland, an armistice is signed that ends fighting in Vietnam and divides the country along the 17th parallel.
  • July 21 - First Indochina War: The Geneva Conference partitions Vietnam into North Vietnam and South Vietnam.
  • July 30 - Elvis Presley makes his debut as a public performer.
  • July 31 - First ascent of K2, by an Italian expedition led by Ardito Desio.
  • August 4 - The Government of Pakistan approves the National Anthem, written by Hafeez Jullundhry and composed by Ahmed G. Chagla.
  • August 10 - At Massena, New York, the groundbreaking ceremony for the St. Lawrence Seaway is held.
  • August 13 - Radio Pakistan broadcasts the National Anthem of Pakistan for the first time.
  • August 23 - First flight of the C-130 Hercules transport aircraft.
  • August 24 - The Communist Control Act goes into effect. The American Communist Party is outlawed.
  • August 24 - Getúlio Dornelles Vargas, president of Brazil, commits suicide and is succeeded by João Café Filho.
  • September 3 - The People's Liberation Army begin shelling the ROC-controlled islands of Quemoy.
  • September 3 - The German U-Boat U-505 began its move from a specially constructed dock to its final site at Chicago's Museum of Science and Industry.
  • September 8 - The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) is established.
  • September 20 - New Zealand's Special Committee on Moral Delinquency in Children and Adolescents reports just ten days after concluding hearings.
  • September 26 - Japanese rail ferry Toya Maru sinks during a typhoon in the Tsugaru Strait, Japan killing 1,172.
  • September 27 - The nationwide debut of Tonight! (The Tonight Show) hosted by Steve Allen on NBC.
  • September 29 - The convention establishing CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research) is signed.
  • September 29 - Major League Baseball: Willie Mays of the then New York Giants makes "The Catch" at The Polo Grounds in Game 1 of the World Series.
  • September 30 - The U.S. Navy submarine USS Nautilus is commissioned as the world's first nuclear reactor powered vessel.
  • October 10 - The Communist Party of Honduras is founded.
  • October 11 - First Indochina War: The Viet Minh take control of North Vietnam.
  • October 18 - Texas Instruments announces the first Transistor radio.
  • October 19 - First ascent of Cho Oyu
  • October 24 - Dwight D. Eisenhower pledges United States support to South Vietnam
  • October 26 - Trieste return to Italy.
  • October 27 - Benjamin O. Davis Jr. becomes the first African-American general in the United States Air Force.
  • October 28 - The modern Kingdom of the Netherlands is re-founded as a federal monarchy.
  • October 31 - Algerian War of Independence: The Algerian National Liberation Front begins a revolt against French rule.
  • November 1 - The Front de Libération Nationale fires the first shots of the Algerian War of Independence.
  • November 10 - U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower dedicates the USMC War Memorial (Iwo Jima memorial) in Arlington National Cemetery.
  • November 13 - Great Britain defeats France to capture the first ever Rugby League World Cup in Paris in front of around 30,000 spectators.
  • November 23 - For the first time, the Dow Jones Industrial Average closes above the peak it reached just before the 1929 crash.
  • November 27 - Alger Hiss is released from prison after serving 44 months for perjury.
  • November 30 - In Sylacauga, Alabama, United States, the Hodges Meteorite crashes through a roof and hits a woman taking an afternoon nap in the only documented case of a human being hit by a rock from space.
  • December 2 - Red Scare: The United States Senate votes 65 to 22 to condemn Joseph McCarthy for "conduct that tends to bring the Senate into dishonor and disrepute."
  • December 2 - The Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty, between the United States and the Republic of China, is signed in Washington, DC.
  • December 4 - The first Burger King is opened in Miami, Florida, United States
  • December 23 - The first human kidney transplant is performed by Dr. Joseph E. Murray at Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts.


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